One of the most important issues that have absorbed the public opinion and expert community during the recent years, is the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the HOUSING. There are several challenges related to this topic that includes the contexts of the construction, manufacturing, planning to social aspects, cultural, physical and architectural design. The thing that has a significant importance in this topic, is the relationship between architects and the people. The role of their perception and mental images in making the decision is related to the architectural design of the HOUSING. To Investigate the similarities and differences between what the viewpoints of architects and the people, is the main object of the research, that dedicatedly has been done on the FACADES by using multidimensional scaling analysis (MDS).The research implementation method is based on qualitative analysis of data from visual preferences from the viewpoint of architects and the people. The Statistical population includes 420 of people with a random sampling in the three areas in the central texture of Tehran and with 130 people of the architects that have been academic education and as well as work`s professional experience more than five years.The results indicated that subjective and visual perceptions of people and architects have considerable correspondence and distinctions with each other, which is recognizable.

This article is an attempt to examine the use of computer applications in process analysis and parametric patterns in creation of a second chamber in response to light at different times. This review is studied in two parts of parametric models and digital fabrication. In the first part, in order to a detailed review the method of simulation with parametric design using Grass Hopper plugin was considered. To build parametric faced, Based on the movement of the sun throughout the day in different months and based on optical needs of each space, the algorithm was written in the Grass Hopper and honeybee plugin. In fact, after making the totality of the faced in the Grass Hopper, In order to determine the exact amount the opening, the Haney bee plugin was used. The results showed that the use of latticed shell as the second faced, in two types of HOUSING in North and South, Application in summer for the third to fifth floors and in winter for all floors. In landscape design can be designed the faced movable that is used for all the seasons.

IntroductionThe subject of urban appearance is the dominant face of the city body and contains the first messages in the eyes of the citizens. This issue has wide and important dimensions due to its close relationship with the category of identity and characteristics of the city (Abbasi, 2016). Nowadays, the improvement of FACADES with the help of technological tools has caused them to assume a more active role in the relationship between the inside and outside of the building. Among these technological tools is the use of kinetic facade. As one of the examples of smart FACADES, this type of FACADES is dynamic and has the ability to change its form, shape and openings against changing environmental conditions, so that while reducing energy consumption, it can also be a good choice for FACADES from an aesthetic point of view. One of the important issues that needs attention in the design of kinetic facade is their geometry, which on the one hand should be able to open and close, and on the other hand, have aesthetic values (Mohaghegh et al., 2021). Although understanding the geometric feature of the work and its creative application can help to revive the authentic Iranian identity in architectural works, but the transition from the traditional system to the modern system is highly dependent on the spread of technologies (Attia et al, 2018). In the meantime, considering that the development of appropriate policies for the dissemination of technologies is dependent on the correct knowledge of the factors affecting them, and without considering the obstacles and problems of its development, it is practically impossible to conduct in-depth studies to investigate the problems and provide suitable solutions to overcome them. , it becomes necessary.MethodologyThe current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation research in terms of working methods. Its statistical population consists of citizens of Tabriz. The statistical sample size was determined based on Cochran's sampling formula with an error level of 0.05 in the number of 384 people by simple random method. Data collection has been done in library and field with questionnaire tool. The research questionnaire with 26 questions is derived from the Davis questionnaire, in which questions 1 to 4 are related to individual characteristics, and questions 5 to 23 are specific questions of the TAM model, and questions 24 to 26 are also related to the advertising variable. All specific questions were prepared based on a five-point Likert scale and provided to the statistical community. The study sample in this research is the suburban area of Khavaran settlement in Tabriz, which is known as the most modern residential settlement in Iran. The construction pattern of this settlement is different from the overall texture of Tabriz city and the residential units are built in the form of villas in areas above 320 meters.Results and discussionIn order to find answers to the research questions and to ensure the correct measurement of hidden variables and to determine the existence of meaningful relationships between variables, Pearson's correlation coefficient was used. Surveys show that due to the lack of knowledge of citizens living in Khavaran town about the technology of moving FACADES, there is not a very positive attitude towards this type of FACADES among the statistical population. This lack of sufficient knowledge and awareness of technology can be caused by weak advertising and lack of proper information. Therefore, in response to the first research question, it can be stated that the level of acceptance of facade technology and the willingness of citizens to use them is at a low level. Regarding the relationship between the variables, the findings show that the positive attitude of the citizens towards the modernization of FACADES has a close relationship with their perception of the features and benefits of the FACADES in question in the building. Therefore, there is a significant relationship between people's awareness and their understanding of the ease and usefulness of technology and the level of technology acceptance.ConclusionIn the current research, after presenting the problem and the main concern of the research while emphasizing the integration of technology and Islamic geometry in moving FACADES, the factors affecting the tendency of citizens to modernize the FACADES in Khavaran settlement of Tabriz have been examined. In order to advance their goals, the authors of this research defined an optimal model to investigate the effective factors in technology acceptance by adding the "advertisement" variable to Davis's "technology acceptance" model.In the surveys conducted regarding the use of moving FACADES with Islamic geometry and motifs, the amount of favorable opinions increased greatly, and this shows that the desire of the residents of Khavaran town to modernize the FACADES while preserving the Islamic identity is more than the use of traditional or modern FACADES. Therefore, it is considered that modeling Islamic motifs and geometry in the design of kinetic FACADES can create a balance between technology and tradition in urban FACADES, especially in peri-urban areas, while modernizing FACADES and helping to improve visual quality. Finally, according to the results of the present research, it is suggested that contemporary architects and designers, while being aware of the way of designing Islamic geometric motifs, should try to use them in modern kinetic FACADES, in order to take an important step in preserving the Islamic identity while contemporizing the FACADES. The planning and implementation of these projects can be done from new towns and peri-urban areas that are being built at a faster pace today. Also, in the field of academic studies and research, it is suggested that in future researches, patterns inspired by geometry and Islamic motifs should be designed and examined in terms of aesthetics as well as the function of energy light.

Using the dynamic FACADES, the exterior of building is removed from the rigid state and in addition to adapting to the needs of users and the environment, it is possible to reduce energy consumption in the building. In this research, while introducing a dynamic facade in the building, the movement patterns of the elements that make up the facade were introduced. To analyze the characteristics of dynamic FACADES, specifications of 50 world-class dynamic projects with dynamic FACADES which were built in the last four decades in terms of type of use, the main purpose of dynamic application in FACADES, materials used and classification of facade movement mechanism, have been examined and the results were analyzed. The major objective of the dynamic facade design is light management and visual exploitation, and the most common application of this facade is in cultural and office buildings, according to the features of the examples. Photovoltaic cells, light-sensitive diaphragms, and solar panels are the most frequent materials and propulsion systems in most of the examples, with sliding and rotating motion being the most common pattern. Finally, the origami model designs and presents a dynamic facade example that may be employed in our country's hot and dry environment.

Problem Statement: Today, the FACADES of new buildings are among the most important issues in the urban context and especially the historical-cultural context of any city. Historic houses are one of the valuable architectural treasures that can provide experience for the FACADES of new buildings. Despite the importance of this issue and the need to achieve the architectural patterns of historic houses, today there are scattered and few studies are available in this field. The present study seeks to answer how to use the FACADES of historic houses in designing the FACADES of new buildings, by recognizing the pattern of historic houses in Tabriz. Research objective: In this research, an attempt has been made to raise the awareness of the elements and architectural details of the FACADES of historic houses to extract the patterns and methods used in their FACADES and to provide new patterns for new buildings by taking advantage of the current condition of historic FACADES,At the same time, it aims to destroy the field of improper exploitation of the physical capabilities of historic FACADES in today’, s conventional FACADES. Research method: In this regard, using a descriptive-analytical method, the situation and elements in the facade of the research’, s selected historic houses were described and interpreted. After gathering the required data from both library and field methods, the components and elements of the historic houses’,FACADES were analyzed. Conclusion: The method of applying the patterns and elements obtained from the analysis of the FACADES of the new buildings is the result of this study.

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A B S T R A C TThe present study was conducted to investigate the factors affecting improving the quality of urban HOUSING. This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of descriptive-analytical method. The statistical population of the research was the residents of 8 residential complexes of Atabak neighborhood in District 15 of Tehran. Based on Cochran's formula, 384 questionnaires were distributed among residents. Finally, 380 complete and error-free questionnaires were collected. The data collection tool was a questionnaire, the validity of which was verified in the form of face and face validity, as well as divergent validity and reliability of the questionnaire using Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability. Analysis of data and information was done using SPSS and PLS software. The findings of this research showed physical quality with a path coefficient of 0.368, the variable of access to urban services with a path coefficient of 0.339, the variable of HOUSING social conditions with a path coefficient of 0.169, and environmental quality with a path coefficient of 0.302 has a positive and significant impact on HOUSING quality. According to the path coefficient obtained for the research variables, the amount of their impact on HOUSING quality is evaluated as average. Among the identified factors, the factor of physical quality with a path coefficient of 0.368 has the most significant impact, and the factor of access to urban services with a path coefficient of 0.339 is ranked second. Also, this factor has a positive and significant effect on the physical quality factor of HOUSING.Extended AbstractIntroductionAtabak neighborhood is one of the neighborhoods of District 15 of Tehran. In this neighborhood, physical changes have been made according to the interventions of the Tehran municipality in line with the implementation of the urban landscape plan and organized (inflow of private sector capital) in different years so far. Along with these interventions, the inadequacy of infrastructure and services to meet the population's needs has become this neighborhood's basic problem. Attention to its qualitative aspect needs to be addressed. This matter is important from the point of view of providing the city's basic needs, equitable distribution of facilities and resources, reducing urban inequalities, improving economic-social indicators, preventing unbridled and unplanned expansion, and ultimately improving the quality of life of the people. It demands that the quality of HOUSING and the factors affecting it be evaluated and that a double effort be made to improve it, and it can provide a suitable context for providing suitable models of HOUSING quality for citizens. Considering the mentioned cases, this research aims to answer the question:- What are the effective factors in improving the quality of HOUSING? MethodologyThe current research is descriptive-analytical. In terms of purpose, it is in the category of applied research. Two library and field methods have collected the information needed for this research. In the field method, primary data collection has been done according to the research questions by designing a 5-scale Likert scale questionnaire. The statistical population of the study was the residents of Mobaat, Minabi, Atabek, Shahrak Sajjadieh, Yas, Zahid Gilani, Shahid Asadi, and Safa residential complexes located in Atabak neighborhood of District 15 of Tehran. The statistical population was equal to 20469 people, and based on Cochran's formula, 384 questionnaires were distributed among residents. Finally, 380 complete and error-free questionnaires were collected; the validity of the questionnaire was confirmed in the form of face and face validity as well as divergent validity. In order to check the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha and combined reliability were used, and according to the results presented in the research findings section, the reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed. The data obtained from this research were analyzed using structural modeling using SPSS and PLS software. Results and discussion This research showed that physical quality has a positive and significant effect on improving HOUSING quality; according to the value of the obtained path coefficient, which is equal to 0.368, the value of this effect is considered moderate. Based on the results, it can be said that physical dimensions, such as the physical crystallization of HOUSING, are the most objective and material issues in HOUSING evaluation, analysis, and planning. Concerning the impact of access to urban services on the quality of HOUSING, the findings indicated a significant impact of access to urban services. In explaining the results of this section, it can be said that gradually, the HOUSING is changing from a single purpose to a shelter. Those other aspects of welfare and social comfort are also added; the limits of enjoying services and access to the essentials of life are shown to evaluate the HOUSING quality. These indicators are very important in determining HOUSING quality and are an integral part of HOUSING planning. Access to urban HOUSING services is considered one of the main indicators of life, which the Population Crisis Committee has used to measure quality in the world's metropolises. In relation to social conditions and environmental quality on the quality of HOUSING, the results of this research confirmed the impact of the social environment and environmental quality on the quality of HOUSING. Creating residential spaces is a topic that has been discussed previously. From the beginning, human beings have tried to create a favorable living environment that matches the quality conditions of their residence's social and environmental environment. ConclusionThis research was written to explain the factors affecting improving the quality of urban HOUSING. The findings of this research showed that among the studied factors, the physical quality factor with a path coefficient of 0.368 has the most significant impact on improving the quality of urban HOUSING in Tehran, such that this factor can explain 13.5% of the variance of the HOUSING quality condition variable. Physical quality is defined based on the structural basis of a building and is often defined in the form of rules and standards related to it. The physical quality is sometimes interpreted as the appearance of buildings. Since they are fixed and real things, they are the reason for the emergence of general indicators for HOUSING evaluation. The second factor is access to urban services with a path coefficient of 0.339, so this factor can explain 11.4% of the variance of the HOUSING quality condition variable. This factor has been ranked second regarding the impact on HOUSING quality according to the path coefficient value obtained. In third place was the factor of environmental quality with the path coefficient value of 0.302, and this factor can explain 1.9% of the variance of the variable of HOUSING quality. Moreover, in the last place is the factor of HOUSING social conditions, which has a path coefficient of 0.196. Also, from the other results of this research, we can mention the positive effect of access to the quality of urban services on the improvement of the physical condition of HOUSING, and the value of the path coefficient obtained for this effect is equal to 0.623 so that it is 38.8% of the variance of the variable. FundingThere is no funding support. Authors’ ContributionThe authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approthe contenttent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of InterestThe authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.

Brick is a material that has been used in Iran for many years. Today, there are good examples of brick FACADES, but undoubtedly, the execution and design of brick FACADES requires a skilled practitioner, especially today when facade designs are created in the form of modern forms. Although our country is located in the tropical region and its weather in the north and south of the country is characterized by a sharp difference in heat and cold throughout the year, the temperature is always aroundIt fluctuates around 40 degrees Celsius and in buildings, materials that are completely suitable for the climate should be used, but unfortunately, in a limited period in the country, buildings (FACADES) were covered with stones that showed extreme temperature changes in response to different temperatures and quickly heated up in hot summer weather and quickly absorbed cold in cold winter weather. These stones had low technology. The use of stones in our country was experimentally tested and did not give a good test. At the same time, with the advancement of technology, industrialists in various professions decided to use a variety of materials, both natural and unnatural, for facade construction. Brickmaking from very distant times all over the world consisted of clay mixed with water, which was shaped in molds and used after being placed in front of fire as bricks, but brick companies in different countries were different. In our country, bricks were initially baked in shaft (cylindrical) kilns, and then tunnel kilns became common, and today, with the advancement of technology, completely different kilns are used. In this study, we will examine the types of bricks and the characteristics of each of them from a safety perspective.